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Alternative Names

• Harm minimisation

Summary

Note: Topic descriptions are intended to be a search aid rather than an authoritative or complete definition.

Details

This topic encompasses the spectrum of prevention-related strategies and services that seek to reduce the risk to individuals of either acquiring or transmitting HIV. It includes policy relating to HIV-infected people, injecting drug use and users' sex and needle-sharing partners, as well as access to counselling, testing and other prevention and support initiatives such as education and needle and syringe programs.

Prepared by: Adam Bowles

Related Entries

Related NGOs or Civil Society Organisations

• Asian Harm Reduction Network
• Centre for Harm Reduction, MacFarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health
• Open Society Institute (1993 - )

Related Topics

• Condoms
• Human rights and ethics
• Injecting drug use
• Legislation
• Prevention
• Prison settings

Published Resources

Conference Proceedings

• Response Beyond Borders (ed.), The Second Asian Consultation on the Prevention of HIV Related to Drug Use: 21st - 23rd January 2010 Bangkok, Thailand, 2010, 24 pp. (Also available at http://www.worldaidscampaign.org/pt/Constituencies/People-who-use-drugs Response-Beyond-Borders2http://www.worldaidscampaign.org/pt/Constituencies) [ Details... ]

Journals

• 'Development Bulletin', Special issue: HIV/AIDS: Implications for Development, no. 52, Development Studies Network, Australian National University, 2000, 77 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]

Reports

• Partnerships in Practice: National HIV/AIDS Strategy 1996-97 to 1998-99, A strategy framed in the context of sexual health and related communicable diseases, Australian Government Publication Service, Canberra, December 1996, 87 pp. (Also available at http://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf/Content pip.pdfhttp://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf/Contenthttp://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf) [ Details... ]
• National Action Plan on Illicit Drugs 2001 to 2002-03, Endorsed by the Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care, Canberra, July 2001, 43 pp. (Also available at http://www.nationaldrugstrategy.gov.au/pdf/illicitactionplan.pdf) [ Details... ]
• HIV Prevention in Drug Users - Principles of Strategy, HIV Prevention in Hong Kong Strategy Series, AIDS Prevention and Care Committee, Hong Kong Advisory Council on AIDS, June 2001, 9 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• An Integrated Approach to Infectious Disease: Priorities for Action 2002-2006, Ministry of Health, Wellington, November 2001, 84 pp. (Also available at http://www.moh.govt.nz) [ Details... ]
• The Warsaw Declaration: A Framework for Effective Action on HIV/AIDS and Injecting Drug Use, 2nd International Policy Dialogue on HIV/AIDS, Government of Poland; UNAIDS - The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS; Health Canada; The Open Society Institute; CIDA - Canadian International Development Agency, November 2003, 6 pp. (Also available at http://www.soros.org/initiatives/health/focus/ihrd/articles_publications warsaw_declaration-nov-18-03.pdfhttp://www.soros.org/initiatives/health/focus/ihrd/articles_publicationshttp://www.soros.org/initiatives/health/focus/ihrd) [ Details... ]
• Aahung, Shazia Mohammad Habib Ahmed Afsar, Guidelines for BCC: Enhancing Content and Strategies for Harm Reduction Service Provision, National AIDS Control Programme (Pakistan) & Futures Group, Karachi, September 2004. (Also available at http://www.futuresgroup.com/Documents/GBCCPakistan.pdf) [ Details... ]
• ACA Secretariat, LegCo Adjournment Debate on AIDS - ten years on, Advisory Council on AIDS Hong Kong, September 2004, 16 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• AFAO - Australian Federation of AIDS Organisations, Response to National Drug Strategy Consultation Paper, AFAO, March 2010, 14 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• AFAO - Australian Federation of AIDS Organisations Inc., A Critical Time for Harm Reduction: The Need to Revitalise Harm Reduction in the Context of New National HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis C and Drugs Stragegies - An AFAO Discussion Paper, AFAO, October 2004, 5 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• AHRN - Asian Harm Reduction Network, Scaling Up Anti-Retroviral Treatment to (Injecting) Drug Users in Asia, AHRN, Chiangmai, 2005, 4 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• AHRN - Asian Harm Reduction Network, Evidence-Based HIV/AIDS Prevention, AHRN, Chiangmai, 2005, 4 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• AIDS/STD Section, Disease Control Division, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Malaysia, Plan of Action for the Prevention and Control of HIV Infection, Ministry of Health, Malaysia, 1998, 137 pp. [ Details... ]
• Alex Wodak, Alex and Annie Cooney, Effectiveness of Sterile Needle and Syringe Programming in Reducing HIV/AIDS Among Injecting Drug Users, Evidence for Action Technical Papers, (NLM classification: WC 503.6), WHO - World Health Organization, Geneva, 2004. (Also available at http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/prev_care/effectivenesssterileneedle.pdf) [ Details... ]
• Australian Government, Department of Health and Ageing, Australian Government Response to the 2002 Reviews of the National HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis C Strategies and Strategic Research, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, 2003, 72 pp. (Also available at http://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf/Content hivhepc_response.pdfhttp://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf/Contenthttp://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf) [ Details... ]
• Barrett, Damon, Catherine Cook, Rick Lines, Gerry Stimson and Jamie Bridge, Harm Reduction and Human Rights: The Global Response to Drug-Related HIV Epidemics, IHRA - International Harm Reduction Association, London, 2009, 26 pp. (Also available at http://www.ihra.net/Assets/1407/1/GlobalResponseDrugRelatedHIV.pdf) [ Details... ]
• Bezziccheri, Sonia and Wayne Bazant, Drugs and HIV in South East Asia: A Review of Critical Geographic Areas of HIV/AIDS Infection among Injecting Drug Users and of National Programme Responses in Cambodia, China, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam, UNODC - United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Regional Centre for East Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, February 2004, 65 pp. (Also available at http://www.unodc.un.or.th/drugsandhiv/publications/HIV_AIDS.PDF) [ Details... ]
• Bowtell, Bill, HIV/AIDS: The Looming Asia Pacific Pandemic, Lowy Institute Policy Brief, The Lowy Institute for International Policy, Sydney, March 2007, 20 pp. (Also available at http://www.lowyinstitute.org/) [ Details... ]
• Cohen, Jonathan, Not Enough Graves: The War on Drugs, HIV/AIDS, and Violations of Human Rights, June 2004, Vol. 16, No. 8 (C), Human Rights Watch, June 2004, 60 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Csete, Joanne; Daniel Wolfe, Closed to Reason: The International Narcotics Control Board and HIV/AIDS, Open Society Institute/Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network, February 2007, 37 pp. (Also available at http://www.soros.org/initiatives/health/focus/ihrd/articles_publications closed_20070226.pdfhttp://www.soros.org/initiatives/health/focus/ihrd/articles_publicationshttp://www.soros.org/initiatives/health/focus/ihrd) [ Details... ]
• Deany, Paul, Drug-related HIV Risk, Livelihoods & Communities in Asia - Part 2: Report of the UNDP Sponsored Panel Session, Report on the UNDP Sponsonsored Session at the 12th International Conference on the Reduction of Drug Related Harm New Delhi, India 1-5 April 2001 (2 parts), UNDP - United Nations Development Programme, 2001, 37 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Deany, Paul, Drug-related HIV Risk, Livelihoods & Communities in Asia, Report on the UNDP Sponsored Session at the 12th International Conference on the Reduction of Drug Related Harm New Delhi, India 1-5 April 2001 (2 parts), UNDP - United Nations Development Programme, 2001. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Department of Health and Ageing, National HIV/AIDS Strategy: Revitalising Australia’s Response 2005-2008, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, 2005, 66 pp. (Also available at http://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf/Content hivaids_strategy.pdfhttp://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf/Contenthttp://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf) [ Details... ]
• FHI - Family Health International, Young People Most at Risk of HIV, FHI, Research Triangle Park, 100 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Hagarty, Chris, Harm Reduction in Asia: Progress Towards Universal Access to Harm Reduction Services Among People Who Inject Drugs, Commissioned on behalf of The United Nations Regional Task Force on Injecting Drug Use and HIV/AIDS in Asia and the Pacific, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, March 2010, 230 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Haritavorn, Niphattra, Life Beyond the Norm: Voices of Women Injecting Drug Users, 2008, 64 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Healthoutcomes International Pty Ltd; National Centre for HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research; and Michael Drummond, Return on Investment in Needle and Syringe Programs in Australia, Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing, Canberra, 2002, 166 pp. (Also available at http://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/Publishing.nsf/Content roireport.pdfhttp://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/Publishing.nsf/Contenthttp://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/Publishing.nsf) [ Details... ]
• IHRA - International Harm Reduction Association and Human Rights Watch, International Support for Harm Reduction: An Overview of Multi-lateral Endorsement of Harm Reduction Policy and Practice, IHRA; Human Rights Watch, January 2009. (Also available at http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/related_material IHRA%20HRW%20Book%20of%20Authorities%20Jan%202009.pdf) [ Details... ]
• IHRA - International Harm Reduction Association and Human Rights Watch, Building Consensus: A Reference Guide to Human Rights and Drug Policy, IHRA; Human Rights Watch, March 2009, 52 pp. (Also available at http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/related_material 3.9.2009_Health_BuildingConsensusDrugPolicyGuide_0.pdf) [ Details... ]
• India HIV/AIDS Alliance, Breaking New Ground Setting New Signposts: A Community-Based Care and Support Model for Injecting Drug Users Living with HIV - The SASO-Alliance Experience, India HIV/AIDS Alliance, New Delhi, December 2007, 34 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• INPUD - International Network of People Who Use Drugs Asia and the Pacific Region, The Goa Declaration, 31 January 2008, 2 pp. (Also available at http://www.inpud.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=168&Itemid=35) [ Details... ]
• International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Spreading the Light of Science: Guidelines on Harm Reduction Related to Injecting Drug Use, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Geneva, 2003, 60 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• International Harm Reduction Development Program (IHRD), Police, Harm Reduction, and HIV, Public Health Fact Sheet, Open Society Institute, Public Health Program, April 2008, 4 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• International HIV/AIDS Alliance, Positive Prevention: HIV Prevention with People Living with HIV - A Guide for NGOs and Service Providers, International HIV/AIDS Alliance, Brighton, September 2007, 36 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Jürgens, Ralf, Interventions to Address HIV in Prisons: Drug Dependence Treatments, Evidence for Action Technical Papers, World Health Organization, Geneva, 2007. (Also available at http://www.unodc.org/documents/hiv-aids EVIDENCE%20FOR%20ACTION%202007%20drug_treatment.pdf) [ Details... ]
• Kamarulzaman, Adeeba, Harm Reduction in Asia: No More Time to Wait, 8th International Conference on AIDS in Asia and the Pacific, Colombo 19-23 August 2007, August 2007, 34 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• MAP - Monitoring the AIDS Pandemic Network, AIDS in Asia: Face the Facts, MAP Report, MAP - Monitoring the AIDS Pandemic, 2004, 134 pp. (Also available at http://www.mapnetwork.org/docs/MAP_AIDSinAsia2004.pdf) [ Details... ]
• McIntyre, Peter, Protecting Young People from HIV and AIDS: the Role of Health Services, NLM classification: WC 503.73, World Health Organization, Geneva, December 2004, 44 pp. (Also available at http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2004/9241592478.pdf) [ Details... ]
• Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, National Drug Strategic Framework: Building Partnerships 1998-99 to 2002-03, A strategy to reduce the harm caused by drugs in our community, Ausinfo, Canberra, November 1998, 59 pp. [ Details... ]
• Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, National Drug Strategy: Torres Strait and Northern Peninsula Area Complementary Action Plan 2003-2006: Torres Strait Islander Supplement, Ausinfo, Canberra, August 2003, 43 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, National Drug Strategy: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples' Complementary Action Plan 2003-2006: Background Paper, Ausinfo, Canberra, August 2003, 85 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, National Drug Strategy: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples' Complementary Action Plan 2003-2006: Action Plan, Ausinfo, Canberra, August 2003, 45 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, National Drug Strategy: Torres Strait and Northern Peninsula Area Complementary Action Plan 2003-2006: Glossary, Ausinfo, Canberra, August 2003, 18 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, The National Drug Strategy: Australia's Integrated Framework 2004-2009, Ausinfo, Canberra, May 2004, 32 pp. (Also available at http://www.nationaldrugstrategy.gov.au/pdf/framework0409.pdf) [ Details... ]
• Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, National Drug Strategy: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples' Complementary Action Plan 2003-2009: Glossary, Department of Health and Ageing, 2006, 17 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, National Drug Strategy: Torres Strait and Northern Peninsula Area Complementary Action Plan 2003-2009: Torres Strait Islander Supplement, Department of Health and Ageing, 2006, 43 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, National Drug Strategy: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples' Complementary Action Plan 2003-2009: Summary, Department of Health and Ageing, 2006, 8 pp. (Also available at http://www.nationaldrugstrategy.gov.au/internet/drugstrategy/publishing.nsf indigenous-summary.pdfhttp://www.nationaldrugstrategy.gov.au/internet/drugstrategy/publishing.nsf/Contenthttp://www.nationaldrugstrategy.gov.au/internet/drugstrategy/publishing.nsfhttp://www.nationaldrugstrategy.gov.au/internet/drugstrategy) [ Details... ]
• Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, National Drug Strategy: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples' Complementary Action Plan 2003-2009: Action Plan, Department of Health and Ageing, 2006, 45 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, National Drug Strategy: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples' Complementary Action Plan 2003-2009: Background Paper, Department of Health and Ageing, 2006. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, National Drug Strategy: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples' Complementary Action Plan 2003-2006: Summary, MCDS, Canberra, n/d, 8 pp. [ Details... ]
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Out of the Margin: Harm Reduction and HIV Prevention, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, The Hague, November 2007, 48 pp. (Also available at http://www.minbuza.nl/binaries/en-pdf out-of-the-margin---harm-reductioin-and-hiv-preven.pdf) [ Details... ]
• Ministry of Health, Government of China, Guanyu zai Geji Jibing Yufang Kongzhi Zhongxin (Weisheng Fangyizhan) Jianli Gaowei Renquan Ganyu Gongzuodui de Tongzhi (Circular on Establishing Intervention Task Force for HIV High Risk Population in Centres for Disease Control or Epidemic Prevention Centres at All Levels of Government), Ministry of Health, Government of China, 2004. (Also available at http://www.moh.gov.cn/public open.aspx?n_id=8581&seq=%E6%8C%89%E7%B1%BB%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95) [ Details... ]
• Ministry of Health, Ministry of Public Security, State Drug Administration, Government of China, Hailuoyin Chengyinzhe Shequ Yaowu Weichi Zhiliao Shidian Gongzuo Zanxing Fangan (Interim Work Plan for Pilot Project of Medicinal Treatment of Heroin Addicts in the Community), 2003. (Also available at http://www.chinaaids.cn/worknet/download/2005/0308.doc) [ Details... ]
• Ministry of Public Health of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Afghanistan National Strategic Framework for HIV/AIDS (2006-2010), Ministry of Public Health of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, June 2008, 45 pp. (Also available at http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav/---ilo_aids wcms_117241.pdfhttp://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav/---ilo_aidshttp://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav) [ Details... ]
• National Center For AIDS and STD Control, Nepal's National HIV/AIDS Strategy, Final Draft, Ministry of Health, Government of the Kingdom of Nepal, July 19 2002, 48 pp. (Also available at http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/pdf/countries/nepal2.pdf) [ Details... ]
• O'Gorman, Patrick & Paul Hardacre, Documentation of Best Practices and Needs Assessment of Service Providers in South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) Countries, Final Report, AHRN - Asian Harm Reduction Network, Chiang Mai, December 2004, 245 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Open Society Institute, Protecting the Human Rights of Injecting Drug Users: The Impact of HIV and AIDS, Open Society Institute - International Harm Reduction Development program, February 2005, 32 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Pinkham S and K Malinowska-Sempruch, Women, Harm Reduction, and HIV, Open Society Institute, New York, September 2007, 33 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Pisani, Elizabeth, Estimating the Size of Populations at Risk for HIV: Issues and Methods, FHI - Family Health International, Arlington, July 2003, 69 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• POLICY Project, The Socioeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS in the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam, POLICY Project, June 2003, 43 pp. (Also available at http://www.policyproject.com/pubs/countryreports/VIET_SEI.pdf) [ Details... ]
• Queensland Health, Extract from Infection Control Guidelines: Guidelines for Management of Occupational and Non-Occupational Exposures to Blood and Body Fluids, Queensland Health, November 2001, 28 pp. (Also available at http://www.health.qld.gov.au/infectioncontrol/documents/pdf/APPENDIX%20P3.pdf) [ Details... ]
• Regional Task Force on Drug Use and HIV Vulnerability, Preventing HIV/AIDS Among Drug Users: Case studies from Asia, UNAIDS - The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS; UNODC - United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime; AHRN - Asian Harm Reduction Network, 2003, 87 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Reid, G. & the Asian Harm Reduction Network (AHRN), The Hidden Epidemic: A Situation Assessment of Drug Use in South East and East Asia in the Context of HIV Vulnerability, AHRN, February 1998. (Also available at http://www.chr.asn.au/resources/libraryservices/docdownload/hiddenepidemic list#309) [ Details... ]
• Reid, G; and Costigan, G., Revisiting 'the Hidden Epidemic': a situation assessment of drug use in Asia in the context of HIV/AIDS, The Centre for Harm Reduction, The Burnet Institute, The Macfarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research & Public Health, Fairfield, January 2002. (Also available at http://www.chr.asn.au/resources/libraryservices/docdownload/revisiting/list) [ Details... ]
• Reid, Gary and M. Ziya Uddin, National Harm Reduction Strategy for Drug Use and HIV 2004-2010, Final Draft, NASP - National AIDS/STD Programme DGHS, MOHFW, December 2006, 44 pp. [ Details... ]
• Scalway, Thomas, Young Men and HIV: Culture, Poverty and Sexual Risk, UNAIDS - Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS and The Panos Institute, Geneva, July 2001, 51 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Stimson, Gerry V, Catherine Cook, Jamie Bridge, Javier Rio-Navarro, Rick Lines and Damon Barrett, Three Cents a Day is Not Enough: Resourcing HIV-Related Harm Reduction on a Global Basis, IHRA - International Harm Reduction Association, London, 2010, 48 pp. (Also available at http://www.ihra.net/files/2010/06/01/IHRA_3CentsReport_Web.pdf) [ Details... ]
• Stover, J., and M. Fahnestock, Coverage of Selected Services for HIV/AIDS Prevention, Care, and Treatment in Low- and Middle-income Countries in 2005 July, Constella Futures, Washington, DC, July 2006, 46 pp. (Also available at http://www.constellafutures.com/Documents/3482HIVCoverage2005.pdf) [ Details... ]
• Success Works Pty Ltd, Evaluation of the National Drug Strategic Framework, Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing & Intergovernmental Committee on Drugs, Department of Health and Ageing, June 2003, 121 pp. (Also available at http://www.nationaldrugstrategy.gov.au/pdf/ndsf_eval.pdf) [ Details... ]
• Task Force on Drug Use and HIV Vulnerability, Drug Use and HIV Vulnerability: Policy Research Study in Asia, UNAIDS Asia Pacific Intercountry Team, Bangkok, October 2000, 238 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• The Centre for Harm Reduction, Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research and Asian Harm Reduction Network, The Manual for Reducing Drug Related Harm in Asia, Second edn, Edited by Nick Crofts; Lead Writer: Genevieve Costigan, The Centre for Harm Reduction, 2003, 370 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• Tripathy, Prof Sriram Prasad, Dr Ying Ru J. Lo, and Dr. Jai. P. Narain, Regional Strategic Plan on HIV/TB, WHO Project: ICP HIV 001, ICP TUB 001, World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia, New Delhi, October 2003, 69 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• UNAIDS - Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS; AHRN - Asian Harm Reduction Network, The Asian Harm Reduction Network: Supporting Responses to HIV and Injecting Drug Use in Asia, UNAIDS Best Practice Collection - Case Study, UNAIDS/01.28E, UNAIDS - Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, May 2001, 48 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• UNAIDS - The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, Drug Use and HIV/AIDS: UNAIDS statement presented at the United Nations General Assembly Special Session on Drugs, UNAIDS Best Practice Collection, UNAIDS 99.1E, UNAIDS, Geneva, 1999, 12 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• UNAIDS - The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, IDLO-- International Development Law Organization and UNDP - United Nations Development Programme, Toolkit: Scaling Up HIV-Related Legal Services, IDLO and UNAIDS, Rome, 2009, 78 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• UNAIDS - The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS; PNAC - Philippines National AIDS Council, Country Profile: HIV/AIDS/STD situation in the Philippines and the national response, UNAIDS, August 1998. [ Details... ]
• United Nations, Preventing the Transmission of HIV Among Drug Users, Annex to the Report of 8th Session of ACC Subcommittee on Drug Control, A position paper of the United Nations System, UNAIDS - The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, September 2000. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• United Nations General Assembly, Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS: "Global Crisis - Global Action", Resolution adopted (27 June 2001) by the General Assembly, A/RES/S-26/2, United Nations, 2 August 2001, 15 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• USAID - United States Agency for International Development, ISDS - Institute for Social Development Studies, ICRW - International Center for Research on Women and Pact Vietnam, Fact Sheet on Drug Addiction & HIV, ISDS, Ha Noi, n/d, 52 pp. (Also available at http://www.icrw.org/stigma/pdfs/Fact-Sheet-on-Drug-Addiction-and-HIV.pdf) [ Details... ]
• Walsh, Nick, Operational Guidelines for the Management of Opioid Dependence in the South-East Asia Region, World Health Organization, New Delhi, 2008, 125 pp. (Also available at http://www.searo.who.int/LinkFiles Publications_guidelines_management_opioid__in_SEAR.pdf) [ Details... ]
• WHO - World Health Organization, World Health Report 2004 - Changing History, World Health Organization, Geneva, 2004, xvii, 170 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• WHO - World Health Organization, UNAIDS - The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, Advocacy Guide: HIV/AIDS Prevention Among Injecting Drug Users, World Health Organization, Geneva, 2004, 120 pp. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• WHO - World Health Organization, UNAIDS - The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, UNODC - United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and GFATM - The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, A Strategy to Halt and Reverse the HIV Epidemic Amoung People Who Inject Drugs in Asia and the Pacific 2010-2015, WHO, Geneva, July 2010, 77 pp. (Also available at http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/lib.nsf/db900sid/ASAZ-873HHH/$file UNAIDS_Jul2010.pdf?openelement) [ Details... ]
• Wolfe, Daniel & Kasia Malinowska-Sempruch, Illicit Drug Policies and the Global HIV Epidemic: Effects of UN and National Government Approaches, Open Society Institute - International Harm Reduction Development Program, New York, 2004. [ PDF File | Details... ]
• World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia; World Health Organization Western Pacific Regional Office, Biregional Strategy for Harm Reduction 2005-2009: HIV and Injecting Drug Use, World Health Organization. (Also available at http://w3.whosea.org/LinkFiles/Publications_BiregionalStrategicPlan.pdf) [ Details... ]

Created: 10 August 2004, Last modified: 15 February 2011

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